import { virusInfoOrUndefinedF } from "/_js/functions.js"
import { availableVirusInfoF } from "/_js/functions.js"
import { availableToolsF } from "/_js/functions.js"
import { virusOfInterestF } from "/_js/functions.js"
Along with HCoV-229E, -NL63 and -HKU1, HCoV-OC43 is responsible for up to 30% of all common colds in adults; however, more severe forms of these viral infections can lead to upper respiratory tract disease.
Similar to cold and flu viruses, spread through respiratory droplets.
Direct contact with infected individuals or surfaces they have touched.
Can spread in crowded places, close-contact settings, and enclosed spaces.
Unlike other emerging coronaviruses, Seasonal Coronaviruses are not considered novel or newly discovered; they are well-known respiratory viruses with established global distribution.
Seasonal Coronaviruses exhibit a predictable pattern of seasonality, with higher prevalence during the winter months in various regions worldwide.
While they typically cause mild respiratory infections, their global distribution and recurring nature still pose a significant public health burden due to the large number of infections each year.
Continuous monitoring and research are essential to better understand these viruses and develop strategies to mitigate their impact on vulnerable populations during peak seasons.
Along with HCoV-229E, -NL63 and -HKU1, HCoV-OC43 is responsible for up to 30% of all common colds in adults; however, more severe forms of these viral infections can lead to upper respiratory tract disease.
Similar to cold and flu viruses, spread through respiratory droplets.
Direct contact with infected individuals or surfaces they have touched.
Can spread in crowded places, close-contact settings, and enclosed spaces.
Unlike other emerging coronaviruses, Seasonal Coronaviruses are not considered novel or newly discovered; they are well-known respiratory viruses with established global distribution.
Seasonal Coronaviruses exhibit a predictable pattern of seasonality, with higher prevalence during the winter months in various regions worldwide.
While they typically cause mild respiratory infections, their global distribution and recurring nature still pose a significant public health burden due to the large number of infections each year.
Continuous monitoring and research are essential to better understand these viruses and develop strategies to mitigate their impact on vulnerable populations during peak seasons.
Along with HCoV-229E, -NL63 and -HKU1, HCoV-OC43 is responsible for up to 30% of all common colds in adults; however, more severe forms of these viral infections can lead to upper respiratory tract disease.
Similar to cold and flu viruses, spread through respiratory droplets.
Direct contact with infected individuals or surfaces they have touched.
Can spread in crowded places, close-contact settings, and enclosed spaces.
Unlike other emerging coronaviruses, Seasonal Coronaviruses are not considered novel or newly discovered; they are well-known respiratory viruses with established global distribution.
Seasonal Coronaviruses exhibit a predictable pattern of seasonality, with higher prevalence during the winter months in various regions worldwide.
While they typically cause mild respiratory infections, their global distribution and recurring nature still pose a significant public health burden due to the large number of infections each year.
Continuous monitoring and research are essential to better understand these viruses and develop strategies to mitigate their impact on vulnerable populations during peak seasons.
The toolbox for this virus is currently in development. Please contact us via info@virusbankplatform.be for more information.
Along with HCoV-229E, -NL63 and -HKU1, HCoV-OC43 is responsible for up to 30% of all common colds in adults; however, more severe forms of these viral infections can lead to upper respiratory tract disease.
HCoV-OC43 outbreak in Normandy (France) in 2001 revealed significant digestive symptoms (57% of infected patients experienced vomiting, diarrhea, and/or abdominal pain).
Similar to cold and flu viruses, spread through respiratory droplets.
Direct contact with infected individuals or surfaces they have touched.
Can spread in crowded places, close-contact settings, and enclosed spaces.
Unlike other emerging coronaviruses, Seasonal Coronaviruses are not considered novel or newly discovered; they are well-known respiratory viruses with established global distribution.
Seasonal Coronaviruses exhibit a predictable pattern of seasonality, with higher prevalence during the winter months in various regions worldwide.
While they typically cause mild respiratory infections, their global distribution and recurring nature still pose a significant public health burden due to the large number of infections each year.
Continuous monitoring and research are essential to better understand these viruses and develop strategies to mitigate their impact on vulnerable populations during peak seasons.
Symptoms may appear 2-7 days (up to 10 days) after exposure to the virus.
Initial symptoms: Fever (>38°C), headache, malaise, muscle pain, mild respiratory symptoms.
Absence of rash, neurologic, or gastrointestinal findings (except occasional early-stage diarrhea).
After 3-7 days: Lower respiratory phase begins with dry cough and dyspnea.
10-20% of cases may require intubation and mechanical ventilation.
SARS-CoV is an airborne virus and spreads through saliva droplets, similar to other respiratory viruses.
Indirect transmission is possible through contaminated surfaces touched by infected individuals.
SARS-CoV demonstrated the ability to spread through international air travel routes.
SARS-CoV caused a global outbreak in 2002-2003, affecting multiple countries and regions.
SARS was characterized by severe respiratory symptoms, leading to a high rate of hospitalization and intensive care unit admissions.
The outbreak put a strain on healthcare systems in affected areas, requiring extensive resources and rapid response measures.
The experience with SARS-CoV contributed to the establishment of global surveillance systems and preparedness strategies for handling emerging infectious diseases, including the subsequent response to SARS-CoV-2 in 2019-2020.
SARS-CoV-2 is the biological agent responsible for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
COVID-19 symptoms vary widely, ranging from mild to severe illness.
Symptoms may appear 2-14 days after exposure to the virus.
Both mild and severe symptoms can affect anyone. But there is higher risk for severe illness in older individuals with underlying medical conditions (Heart disease, lung disease, diabetes).
Primarily spreads through respiratory droplets produced when an infected person coughs, sneezes, talks, or breathes.
Close contact with infected individuals within a distance of less than 1 meter (direct droplet transmission).
Can also spread via aerosols (small respiratory particles) in the air, especially in poorly ventilated indoor spaces, even at distances greater than 1 meter (airborne transmission).
Indirect contact transmission possible through touching contaminated surfaces or objects and then touching the face (e.g., eyes, nose, mouth).
Proper hand hygiene and surface disinfection are essential to reduce indirect transmission risk.
The virus caused a worldwide pandemic, affecting millions of people and leading to significant disruptions in healthcare systems and economies.
The virus’s ability to cause severe illness in vulnerable populations has strained healthcare systems worldwide, leading to overcrowding of hospitals and intensive care units.
SARS-CoV-2 undergoes mutations, leading to the emergence of new variants.
Some variants have shown increased transmissibility, affecting the speed of spread during subsequent waves.
Variant waves can lead to changes in the severity of illness and effectiveness of treatments and vaccines.
Some infected individuals may experience mild symptoms (similar to a cold) or remain asymptomatic.
Symptoms typically appear 5 to 6 days after exposure, but may range from 2 to 14 days.
Medical conditions such as diabetes, chronic lung, heart or/and kidney may incrrease the risk of having severe illness.
Bats are considered the natural reservoir of MERS-CoV while camels can be considered an intermediary host for MERS-CoV.
Direct contact with infected camels or their bodily fluids (e.g., nasal secretions, urine) may be responsible for the zoonotic transmission for a human.
Close contact with infected individuals or their respiratory secretions allows the transmission between humans.
Emerged in 2012 in the Middle East, causing sporadic outbreaks with cases reported in several countries.
The high mortality rate associated with MERS-CoV infections (around 35%) raised concerns about the potential for wider outbreaks and the need for effective treatment options and preventive measures.
While the overall number of MERS cases remained relatively low compared to other respiratory viruses like SARS-CoV-2, its potential for causing severe illness and the possibility of zoonotic transmission underscored the importance of ongoing surveillance and preparedness for emerging infectious diseases.
The toolbox for this virus is currently in development. Please contact us via info@virusbankplatform.be for more information.