html`
  <h3>${virus}</h3>
  <p>&nbsp;</p>
`

Symptoms

Along with HCoV-229E, -NL63 and -HKU1, HCoV-OC43 is responsible for up to 30% of all common colds in adults; however, more severe forms of these viral infections can lead to upper respiratory tract disease.

HCoV-OC43 outbreak in Normandy (France) in 2001 revealed significant digestive symptoms (57% of infected patients experienced vomiting, diarrhea, and/or abdominal pain).

Transmission

Similar to cold and flu viruses, spread through respiratory droplets.

Direct contact with infected individuals or surfaces they have touched.

Can spread in crowded places, close-contact settings, and enclosed spaces.

Medical relevance

Unlike other emerging coronaviruses, Seasonal Coronaviruses are not considered novel or newly discovered; they are well-known respiratory viruses with established global distribution.

Seasonal Coronaviruses exhibit a predictable pattern of seasonality, with higher prevalence during the winter months in various regions worldwide.

While they typically cause mild respiratory infections, their global distribution and recurring nature still pose a significant public health burden due to the large number of infections each year.

Continuous monitoring and research are essential to better understand these viruses and develop strategies to mitigate their impact on vulnerable populations during peak seasons.

Toolbox

renderVirusToolbox("coronaviruses", "HCoV-OC43")

import { encodeTool } from '/_js/functions.js'

FA = FileAttachment

// Load the toolbox
families = await FA("/families.json").json()
_toolbox = await FileAttachment("/toolbox/toolbox.json").json()
toolbox = _toolbox.map( tool => encodeTool(tool) )

// console.log(toolbox)

addEncodedTools = (virus) => {
  return ({ ... virus, tools: toolbox.flatMap( tool => virus[tool.encoded] ? tool.id : []) }) 
}

// Load all Newick tree file and create a dictionary `family -> tree`
nwks = await Promise.all(
  families.map(async (family) => { 
    let tree = await FA("/"+ family + "/tree.newick").text()
    return ({ family: family, nwk: tree })
  }))
nwksAsMap = Object.fromEntries(nwks.map( el => [el.family, el.nwk] ))

// console.log(nwks)

// Load annotations for viruses for each family
_annotations = await Promise.all(
  families.map( async (family) => {
    let xls = await FA("/"+ family + "/family.xlsx").xlsx()
    let _annotations = xls.sheet(0, { headers: true, range: ":L" })

    let _trimmed = _annotations.map( virus => {
      let trimmed = {}
      Object.keys(virus).forEach( key => {
        trimmed[key] = virus[key].trim()
      })
      return trimmed
    })

    return _trimmed.map( virus => ({... virus, family: family }) )
  }))

// console.log(_annotations)

// Add tools information, just the list of tools ids
annotations = _annotations
  .flat()
  .map( virus => addEncodedTools(virus) )

familyAnnotations = annotations
  .filter(virus => virus.family == virusFamily)

function virusInfo(_family, _virus) {
  const info = 
    familyAnnotations.filter(row => row.abbreviation == _virus && row.family == _family)
  return info[0]
}

// Handle grouped viruses by extending the model with isGroup: false/true
addGrouped = (virus) => {
  const isGroup = (typeof virus.group_abbreviation !== "undefined") && (virus.group_abbreviation !== "")
  const virus_pointer = (isGroup) ? virus.group_abbreviation : virus.abbreviation 
  return (
    { ... virus,
      isGroup: isGroup,
      virusPointer: virus_pointer,
      resVirusId: (isGroup) ? virus.group_abbreviation : virus.abbreviation,
      resAbbreviation: (isGroup) ? virus.group_abbreviation : virus.abbreviation,
      resVirusName: (isGroup) ? virus.group_virus_name : virus.virus_name 
    }
  )
}

// Create a list of all viruses of interest in the Excel file
// Add group information early on
annotatedViruses =
  familyAnnotations
    .filter(virus => virus.virus_of_interest == "Yes")
    .map(virus => addGrouped(virus))

// Create a sublist of viruses with toolbox
// Take into account groups by selecting unique entries
toolboxAnnotatedViruses =
  annotatedViruses
    .filter(virus => virus.availability_in_toolbox == "Yes")
    .filter((value, index, self) => {
      return self.findIndex(v => v.resAbbreviation === value.resAbbreviation) === index;
    })

// Derive a virus object from the ID
// The ID can be either a virus_id (from the ictv tree) or a group_abbreviation
virusIdToVirus = (virus_id) => {

  // lookup the virus_id in the full list of viruses
  const fullList =
    annotatedViruses
      .filter(v => v.virus_id.replace(/^'+|'+$/g, '') == virus_id || v.abbreviation == virus_id)
      //.filter(v => v.virus_id == virus_id || v.abbreviation == virus_id)

  // lookup the abbreviation for the group
  const groupList =
    toolboxAnnotatedViruses
      .filter(v => v.group_abbreviation == virus_id)

  if (fullList.length > 0) {
    return fullList[0]
  }
  if (groupList.length > 0) {
    return groupList[0]
  }
}

// Return all matches for a virus ID
virusIdToViruses = (virus_id) => {
  // lookup the virus_id in the full list of viruses
  const single_virus =
    annotatedViruses
      .filter(v => v.virus_id.replace(/^'+|'+$/g, '') == virus_id || v.abbreviation == virus_id)
      [0]

  if (single_virus.isGroup) {
    return annotatedViruses
      .filter(v => v.group_abbreviation == single_virus.group_abbreviation)
  } else {
    return [ single_virus ]
  }
}

function renderVirusToolbox(family, virus_id) {

  // First extract the virus object from the ID or abbreviation
  // This takes into account the groups
  const virus = virusIdToVirus(virus_id)

  if (typeof virus.tools !== "undefined" && virus.tools.length > 0) {
    return html`
      ${toolbox.filter(tool => virus.tools.includes(tool.id) ).map(tool => 
        html`
        <h2 id="${tool.id}-section">${tool.name}</h2>
        <div class="container grid">
          <div class="g-col-12 g-col-md-3 toolbox one-tool" style="text-align:center;">
            <div id="toolbox-contents" class="tool-container">
              <a href="/toolbox/index.html#${tool.id}-section">
                <div class="tool-wrapper">
                  <div id="${tool.id}" class="tool">
                    <div class="tool-tooltip-text">${tool.name}</div>
                    ${tool.icon.map( i =>
                    html`<img class="tool-icon" height="${(tool.icon.length > 1) ? 150/tool.icon.length : 100}%" src="${i}"/>`
                    )}
                  </div>
                </div>
              </a>
            </div>
          </div>
          <div class="g-col-12 g-col-md-9">
            <p>${tool.description}</p>
          </div>
          <div class="g-col-1" style="text-align:center;">
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="col-xs-12" style="height:20px;"></div>
        `
      )}
    `
  }
   else {
    return html`
      <p>&nbsp;</p>
    `
   }
}